Week 2

Checklist for week 2:

_X_ 1. Class Theoretical Framework: Paulo Freire via online closed captioned (cc) videos
_X_ 2. Original text work: reading online selected chapters of Pedagogy of the Oppressed
_X_ 3. Answer questions regarding the online sources and Pedagogy of the Oppressed
_X_ 4. Create a blog post called Week 2; cut and paste your questions/answers into week 2
_X_ 5. Create 10 multiple choice questions regarding Paulo Freire (5 from online references/links, 5 from chapters)
_X_ 6. Read other theoretical frameworks in the Humanities
_X_ 7. Create 5 multiple choice questions regarding diverse theoretical frameworks in the Humanities. Cut and paste into 'Week 2' blog post.
_X_ 8. Review 10 classmates work from week 1; choose one multiple choice 'test' question created by each of these 10 classmates (put name in parenthesis for each classmate question so we know the source). Cut and paste into 'Week 2' blog post.
_X_ 9. Create one sample of dialogue using structure
_X_ 10. Submit your Week 2 link into our LOGIN area so that we can all enjoy your work! Be sure to test it there by clicking on your classmates links and seeing what they see.

Notes

Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paulo_Freire

• 1921-1927, born in Recife, Brazil


• Educator, author


• Born into a middle class family, affected by poverty and hunger from Great Depression


• Attended law school, never practiced law, worked as a teacher instead


• 1946- Appointed the Director of the Department of Education and Culture of the Social Service in the State of Pernambuco, worked with poor and illiterate


• 1961- appointed director of the Department of Cultural Extension of Recife University


• 1962- literacy requirement for suffrage, worked with hundreds of workers and taught them to read and write in 45 days, Brazilian government responded with creation of cultural circles, efforts ended in 1964 when Paulo was arrested as a traitor


• Imprisoned for 70 days, briefly exiled to Bolivia


• Worked in Chile for five years for the Christian Democratic Agrarian Reform Movement and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

Source: http://www.ukzn.ac.za/cae/pfi/fd.htm">http://www.ukzn.ac.za/cae/pfi/fd.htm

• "Conscientization, or conscientizacao in the original Portugese, refers to a process whereby individuals develop a greater ability think critically. The fostering of this critical consciousness, the ability to read one's world more deeply and to ask meaningful 'why' questions, is at the center of Freire's theory of education for human liberation. Freire developed several famous methods for achieving conscientization-among these are problem-posing dialogue, codifications, and generative themes."


• "Praxis, a concept from Hegelian theory, refers to the resolution of two contradictory dialectics, the balance of two opposing forces. A classic form of praxis that Freire celebrates is the proper equilibrium between theory and action-between reflection and active attempts at transforming our world. Another praxis that Freire argues for is an attempt to reconcile our "reading of the word" (reading that is done in books, newspapers, etc) and our "reading of the world" (our observations of lived experience)-our reading of the text with its context, if you will. True to its Hegelian roots, such pursuit of praxis is usually a perpetual process, as the right balance between forces is rarely achievable and/or permanent but instead requires constant struggle and reflection."

http://www.infed.org/biblio/b-dialog.htm%22%3">http://www.infed.org/biblio/b-dialog.htm%22%3

• "Paulo Freire - with whom the notion of dialogue has been linked as an educational form"

Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin_America

• "Latin America (Spanish: América Latina or Latinoamérica; Portuguese: América Latina; French: Amérique latine) is a region of the Americas where Romance languages (i.e., those derived from Latin) – particularly Spanish, Portuguese, and variably French – are primarily spoken
  

Answer questions regarding the online sources and Pedagogy of the Oppressed

1. Where is Paulo Freire from (where was he born?)
Freire is from Brazil and was born in the area of Recife.

2. What was his upbringing like?
Paulo was born into a middle class family. However, with the Great Depression of 1929 he soon became like many who were familiar with poverty and hunger. He was able to escape that life through education.

3. What professions did Paulo Freire have?
Although he attended law school, Freire never actually practiced law. He worked primarily as an educator and also as an author.

4. What political challenges did he face?
Early in his career, Freire taught mostly around the illiterate poor and at that time, literacy was a voting requirement. Freire attempted to teach the poor to read and write, however his attempt failed when he was arrested as a traitor. He went on to spend 70 days in exile.

5. What is his experience with literacy? What is the definition of literacy?
Literacy is the ability to read and write. Because literacy was once a requirement for suffrage, in 1962 Paulo worked with hundreds of workers to teach them to read and write in just 45 days. The Brazilian government responded by expanding the experiment, however efforts ended when Paulo was arrested as a traitor in 1964.

6. What areas of Latin America did he live in? What is the definition of Latin America?
Freire lived in Brazil and Chile. Latin America is defined as American continents south of the United States.

7. What languages did he speak?
Paulo spoke Portuguese, English, Spanish and French.

8. What is his greatest work written?
Paulo's greatest work written was the Pedagogy of the Oppressed.

9. What is dialogue? Conscientization? Praxis?
Dialogue is a conversation between multiple people and according to Freire, is an educational form. Conscientization is process in which an individual explores a deeper state of critical thinking apart from oppressive factors of ones life. Praxis is a the balance of two contradictory factors.

10. How does Paulo Freire define privilege and oppression? Does this have anything to do with finances?
According to Freire, oppression is, "any situation in which 'A' objectively exploits 'B' or hinders his and her pursuit of self-affirmation as a responsible person is one of oppression. Such a situation in itself constitutes violence even when sweetened by false generosity; because it interferes with the individuals ontological and historical vocation to be more fully human.". In simpler terms, oppression is any action which prevents individuals, or the "oppressed", from achieving their own personal goals and dreams. This refers to humanity and liberation rather than finances. Freire's definition of privilege seems to be opposite than his of oppression. Privilege seems to be defined by wealth, social status and opportunity.

Create 10 multiple choice questions regarding Paulo Freire (5 from online references/links, 5 from chapters)

1. At what school did Freire enroll in 1943?
A. Harvard
B. University of Brazil
C. University of Recife **
D. University of Jaboatão dos Guararapes
E. He never attended a University

2. In 1962, how many sugarcane workers did Freire teach to read and write?
A. 3
B. 30
C. 300 **
D. 3,000
E. None of the workers successfully learned to read and write

3. How long did it take these workers to learn to read and write?
A. One year
B. Six months
C. 30 days
D. 45 days **
E. These workers did not learn to read and write

4. How many children did Freire have?
A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
E. 5 **

5. Which of the following places was Freire exiled to?
A. Bolivia **
B. Brazil
C. Chile
D. Bosnia
E. Pernambuco

6. From an axiological point of view, the problem of humanization has always been which of the following?
A. Irrelevant and ignored
B. Humankind's central problem **
C. A top priority
D. Crucial in oppression
E. A slight concern, but in no means a priority

7. According the Freire, whom do the oppressed struggle against?
A. Themselves
B. The privileged
C. Their oppressors **
D. All of humanity
E. Every living thing

8. In Freire's example "Four times four is sixteen; the capital of Para is Belem", what is the problem regarding the "banking" concept of education?
A. The information is only heard once which is not nearly enough for the student to retain the information
B. The information is irrelevant towards each other; information must be taught in a series of relativity
C. The information does not appeal to the student; human beings are egotistical listeners and only retain what has to do with themselves
D. The information holds no significance to the student; without significance the student is forced to replace the information with what he or she believes is more important
E. The student records, memorizes, and repeats these phrases without perceiving what four times four really means, or realizing the true significance of capital **

9. Which of the following is one of the two stages that the banking concept of education distinguishes in the action of the educator as according to Freire?
A. Students are not required to know, but only to memorize the contents stated by the teacher **
B. The students are taught irrelevant information
C. The teacher is not taking into consideration the different learning techniques of all his student, thus oppressing his students
D. The students remain uninterested in what the teacher has to say as it has no relevancy to their live
E. The teacher is not making a connection to humanity

10. Whom is violence initiated by?
A. Oppressors
B. Those who exploit
C. Those who fail to recognize others as persons
D. The oppressed
E. A, B & C **

Create 5 multiple choice questions regarding diverse theoretical frameworks in the Humanities. Cut and paste into 'Week 2' blog post.

1. The humanities are __________ which study the __________?
A. Human conditions; academic disciplines
B. Academic disciplines; human conditions **
C. A series of studies; cognitive process of humans
D. A collection of ideas; process of feelings and emotions
E. A series of research; exploration of the human mind

2. In regards to the humanities, which of the following is a performing art?
A. Painting
B. Theater
C. Music
D. Dance
E. B, C & D **

3. Which of the following is the general study of problems concerning matters such as existence, knowledge, justification, truth, justice, right and wrong, beauty, validity, mind, and language?
A. Humanities
B. Law
C. Religion
D.Philosophy **
E. Visual Arts

4. _____________ focuses on understanding meaning, purpose, and goals and furthers the appreciation of singular historical and social phenomena—an interpretive method of finding “truth”—rather than explaining the causality of events or uncovering the truth of the natural world.
A. Philosophy
B. Humanities **
C. Law
D. Science
E. Romanticism

5. In the West, how far back can the studies of Humanities be traced?
A. Ancient Greece **
B. Ancient Rome
C. The Aztecs
D. World War II
E. The independence of America

Review 10 classmates work from week 1; choose one multiple choice 'test' question created by each of these 10 classmates (put name in parenthesis for each classmate question so we know the source). Cut and paste into 'Week 2' blog post.

1. What positive steps has Obama taken to gain trust with Pakistan? (Ashley)
A. Build up their economy
B. build schools, pave roads, and build houses **
C. donate to college funds
D. Nuke the country

2. Who said "I hope that our wisdom will grow with our power and teach us that the less we use our power the greater it will be". (Barbara)
A. George Bush
B. Thomas Jefferson*
C. Richard Nixon
D. Barack Obama
E. Martin Luther King Jr.

3.How much money does President Obama plan to give Pakistan? (Teresa)
A. 3.5 billion
B.3.5 million
C.1.5 million
D.1.5 billion*
E.3.5 trillion

4. When was the Treaty of Tripoli signed? (Renee)
A. 1796*
B. 1697
C. 1720
D. 1836

5. How many issues did President Obama address in his speech? (Penny)
A. 5
B. 7
C. 3
D. 4
E. 6 *

6. Which isn't one of the seven issues: (Olivia)
A. Women's rights
B. Religious freedom
C. Economic development and opportunity
D. Rebuilding Palestine*
E. Violent extremism

7. 7. In his speech President Obama committed to having all US troops out of Iraq by which year? (Michael)
A. 2010
B. 2045
C. 2012*
D. 1999
E. 2021

8. What path does Obama say we should choose? (Natalie)
A. The easiest path
B. The path that will make the US stronger
C. The path to equality
D. The path to the quickest fix
E. The right path*

9. Islam has a proud tradition of _______. (Marcel)
A. Tolerance*
B. Violence
C. Peace
D. Equality
E. All of the above

10. Which Country does Obama want to help as a partner and not a patron? (Lucy)
A. Cairo
B. Iran
C. Israel
D. Iraq *
E. None

Create one sample of dialogue using structure
The following section is how we will practice dialogue on a weekly basis:

Using one of your classmates work, create an example dialogue using this structure below. You will use this same structure each week to formulate your sample dialogue entry (each week you will gain skills in this type of dialogue formulation which will have carry-over into your academic and professional career):

Dialogue Structure for Practice:
When I researched ________ I found ______________.
I noticed _________ had the same search result in that _____________.
I wonder if the topic we researched would have __________ in that ______________.

When I researched Paulo Freire I found a ton of information.
I noticed that most of classmates had the same search result in that our multiple choice questions last week all seemed very similar.
I wonder if the topic we researched would have had any impact on people living in poverty in that this topic deeply explored that issue.

Week 1

1. What is your fast name only (NOT last name)?
My first name is Summer

2. Why are you taking this class and what do you hope to learn?
I am taking this class because I'm interested in America culture and its many different aspects. I am hoping to learn about all of the many different subcultures that combine to make American culture. I am also interested in learning how culture has affected history.

3. Briefly, what do you think of when you think:

• Santa Rosa? I think of my childhood. Growing up, my dad was in the Coast Guard so my family moved around a lot. We went everywhere from Texas to Alaska. My Grandma has lived in Santa Rosa my whole life and she has always been an important part of my life. So visiting her in Santa Rosa during my childhood was really the only consistent place I was used to.
• California? I think of a montage of beaches, mountains, cities and the country all at once-one of the many perks of living here.
• The U.S.A? I think of a giant melting pot of different races, cultures, etc. It's a bit cliche but it' really the first thing that comes to mind.
• The World? When I think of the world I think of a giant globe.

4. Have you created a blog or webpage in the past?
Besides a MySpace or Facebook page, no.

5. Regarding computers, are you on a mac or PC?
PC

6. Do you/can you text on your phone?
Yes, I can text and I do it quite often.

Obama's Cairo Speech

1. What is your brief one paragraph summary of this video?
With his speech, Obama attempted to "seek a new beginning between the United States and Muslims". He spoke of freedom of religion and quoted directly from the Quran, the Bible and the Talmud. Obama spoke about seven "sources of tension" and his planned solutions for those areas. These areas included violence, the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan, the current conflict in Israel and Palestine, nuclear weapons, women's equality rights and the economy. He referred to violence as a "dead end" and discussed his plan to build school, roads, hospitals and more in Afghanistan and to help build a future for Iraq. He also discussed his plans to remove all U.S. troops from Iraq by 2012 and to reach a peaceful resolution in the Israel-Palestine conflict. In regards to nuclear weapons, he stated his commitment to seeking a world in which no country has nuclear weapons. Obama addressed inequalities in the education of women and vowed his commitment to work with any Muslim country to expand and support women's rights. And finally, Obama suggested to rebuild the economy with innovation and education.

2. What are the histories, cultures, nations mentioned?
The speech was directed towards Muslim countries, so Islam was an obvious religion mentioned. The President recalled the Muslim religion and its involvement in the Islam vs. West conflict, Colonialism, the Cold War and Globalization. Obama also discussed the contributions this religion has made to American culture; such as the creation of the order of algebra, the compus, pens and printing and advancements in medicines. Iraq and Afghanistan were other countries mentioned as the president addressed his plans for American involvement in these countries. The President also addressed Bosnia and Darfur and the current genocides these countries are facing.

3. What information did you learn that you did not know before?
For me, this speech clarified American involvement overseas. Prior to watching this speech, I was a little unsure about what the President was actually hoping to accomplish. Now I know that the President is hoping to establish a secure future for Iraq but also remove all troops by 2012. He also hopes to build schools, roads, hospitals and more in Afghanistan. I also learned about the Muslim religion from this speech. I learned how much this religion has contributed to our culture and how much Muslim-Americans contribute to our society, considering the average Muslim-American income is higher than the American average.

4. What does the President say about 'dialogue'?
The President says that, "In order to move forward we must say openly to each other the things we hold in our hearts...there must be a sustained effort to listen to each other, to learn from each other, to respect one other". The President clearly says that dialogue is an essential part for a peaceful and productive future.

5. What did he say that relates to culture through either one of these items: the visual arts, drama, film , music, dance, literature, philosophy, religion?
The President noted the contributions the Muslim religion has made to literature and writing.

6. Why do you think the cultures noted relates to U.S. cultures?
First of all, American culture is a mixing pot of the noted cultures. Also, the cultures mentioned in the speech have contributed to American culture, such as the literature contributions made by Muslims.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Which of the following was not one of the seven areas of tension in President Obama's Cairo speech?
a. Iraq
b. Women's rights
c. Israel
d. Poverty *
e. the economy

2. President Obama has planned to remove all U.S. troops from Iraq by ___________
a. 2011
b. 2015
c. 2012 *
d. 2020
e. 2014

3. In his Cairo speech, what did Obama describe violence as?
a. Means of change
b. A dead end *
c. A war tactic
d. Unnecessary
e. All of the above

4. As mentioned by the President, what was the first country to recognize the independence of America?
a. Morocco*
b. France
c. Italy
d. Spain
e. Egypt

5. In regards to nuclear arms, what goal has the President committed himself to?
a. America having the most nuclear arms
b. Removing all nuclear weapons from Muslim countries
c. Creating a world in which no nations have nuclear arms *
d. A nuclear arms race
e. He has not made any commitment regarding nuclear weapons

6. Which of the following historical events was not mentioned in the President's speech?
a. The Holocaust
b. The Civil Rights Movement
c. The Women's Rights Movement *
d. September 11th
e. The Cold War

7. In regards to economic development, what did the President state will be the currency of the 21st century?
a. Education
b. Innovation
c. Experience
d. All of the above
e. A & B

8. What country did Obama live in as a child?
a. Indonesia *
b. Egypt
c. Kenya
d. Morocco
e. Iran

9. What group is the President addressing when he labels them a "small, but potent" part of the population?
a. Muslims
b. Iraq and Afghanistan citizens
c. Al Queda *
d. Israelis
e. Palestinians

10. Which of the following are contributions made by Muslims mentioned by President Obama is his Cairo speech?
a. The compus
b. The order of algebra
c. Pens and printing
d. Medicine
e. All of the above